News Archives | Foster+Freeman https://fosterfreeman.com/category/news/ Improving the Quality of Forensic Evidence Fri, 31 May 2024 08:36:18 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.5.4 https://fosterfreeman.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/cropped-Site-Icon-32x32.png News Archives | Foster+Freeman https://fosterfreeman.com/category/news/ 32 32 Technical Note: Improve your Forensic Laboratory Workflow with Crime-lite ML PRO 2 https://fosterfreeman.com/improved-forensic-laboratory-workflow-with-crime-lite-ml-pro-2/ https://fosterfreeman.com/improved-forensic-laboratory-workflow-with-crime-lite-ml-pro-2/#respond Wed, 15 May 2024 16:33:40 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/?p=21597 Learn more about the integral features of the Crime-lite ML PRO 2 and how they can improve your workflow for key tasks in the forensic laboratory.

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TECHNICAL NOTE

Improve your Forensic Laboratory Workflow with Crime-lite ML PRO 2

The ML PRO 2 is designed for multispectral evidence screening and imaging within the laboratory, whether serology, forensic, pathology or military. It contains multiple light sources ranging from UV 365nm to visible light, to Infrared 850nm. There are multiple methods of illumination, including high-intensity spotlight, flood light and side lighting for oblique lighting, and many specific filters available, used to block or trim certain wavelengths of light and aid in the detection of many different evidence types.

Evidence screening is important to determine where further analyses of evidence should take place. For example, it is important to determine an area of suspected body fluid staining to target for DNA analysis. The ML PRO 2 has been designed to be easy to use and efficient at screening large areas to aid in the throughput of work.

The ML PRO 2 can be used over a large working area and features new software that has been designed to improve both ease-of-use and the workflow within the laboratory. The built-in high-definition camera allows for a large field of view, allowing large areas to be rapidly screened and for the capture of entirety images. It is also capable of 30x optical zoom and 12x digital zoom of the live image for the detection and documentation of hard to see evidential features.

Some investigations will require the use of the intelligent filter selection. This allows the system to automatically apply the optimal filter for the light source selected for general observation of evidence. When a specific evidence type is suspected, specific presets can be used to make the visualisation and image capture of this evidence type possible.

PRESET SELECTION

The new software also introduces new presets for the most common types of evidence, with the added ability of adding new, user-defined presets. The presets determine which light sources and filters are activated for the examination. These combinations have been determined by scientific research to be best able to visualise the evidence in question, with an image being taken with each relevant combination.      
    
For ease of use, necessary controls are accessible from the home screen of the software, such as presets and image capture. Other, more advanced, controls are accessible from the advanced screen of the top-left menu. Select the desired preset to capture images with the relevant light source and filter combinations.

REPORTING SOFTWARE

To further improve the workflow, reports can be generated directly within the software. The reporting software, accessed from the menu in the top-left corner, will also include the image settings for each image selected, such as preset selected, light source and filter applied, and camera settings. Images can be captured and annotated to display areas of interest to be targeted for further examination.
    
Images captured and annotations added will be available in the reporting software once opened. Reports will contain an entirety image of the exhibit in question, any images captured, any annotations added, and allows for the addition of the case name, exhibit name, username and notes directly in the software. These reports can then be saved to an external device without any additional steps, streamlining the reporting process for scientists.

Learn more about how the Crime-lite ML PRO 2 can improve your workflow

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Forensic Photographer of the Year 2024 https://fosterfreeman.com/forensic-photographer-of-the-year-2024/ Wed, 08 May 2024 08:50:35 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/crime-lite-ml-pro-copy/ As proud sponsors of the 2024 IAI Photo Contest, this year we are launching our own Forensic Photographer of the Year Awards. Now open for entry!

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Foster+Freeman Logo in white
Foster+Freeman Logo in white

FYP24

FOSTER+FREEMAN
FORENSIC PHOTOGRAPHER
OF THE YEAR 2024

FFY24: How to Enter

See information on categories below and complete the online form to enter

CRIME-LITE AUTO
CATEGORY

FINGERMARK CAPTURE
CATEGORY

‘BEYOND THE VISIBLE’
CATEGORY

IAI PHOTO CONTEST:
How to Enter

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Introducing the New foster+freeman VSC9000 Document Examination Workstation https://fosterfreeman.com/introducing-the-new-fosterfreeman-vsc9000-document-examination-workstation/ https://fosterfreeman.com/introducing-the-new-fosterfreeman-vsc9000-document-examination-workstation/#respond Wed, 10 Apr 2024 10:56:31 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/forensic-multispectral-imaging-in-fine-art-and-cultural-heritage-applications-with-vsc-and-crime-lite-copy/ From the controlled environment of a police laboratory to the fast-moving world of international border security, the foster+freeman VSC9000 document examination workstation delivers a comprehensive forensic-level solution to the interrogation and analysis of all questioned documents.

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Introducing the New foster+freeman VSC9000

A complete document examination workstation for the detection of counterfeit, forged, and altered documents.


From the controlled environment of a police laboratory to the fast-moving world of international border security, the foster+freeman VSC9000 document examination workstation delivers a comprehensive forensic-level solution to the interrogation and analysis of all questioned documents.

Equipped with a high-performance optical and illumination system, the VSC9000 builds on 45 years of VSC technology to provide experts with the tools required to conduct multi-spectral examinations of documents for the authentication of legitimate documents, to reveal sophisticated counterfeits and identify evidence of tampering or manipulation with unparalleled accuracy.

  • New technology provides the highest forensic-level solution for the interrogation of questioned documents.
  • Precision dual-camera imaging system extends the limits of optical performance.
  • Advanced illumination and imaging modes enable examiners to authenticate printed and digitally embedded security features

Advanced illumination and imaging modes enable examiners to authenticate printed and digitally embedded security features present in genuine documents.


Uncover Hidden Evidence in Unprecedented Detail

Because every microscopic detail matters, the VSC 9000 captures incredibly high-resolution images of documents (from 0x to 480x magnification), which may be further scrutinised using a powerful set of forensic tools that include multi-spectral and hyperspectral imaging, 3-D surface analysis, micro spectrometry, and digital image enhancement, as well as providing forensic-level access to all embedded biometric data contained within a document eChip.

Precision dual-camera imaging system extends the limits of optical performance to detect the presence of fake, fraudulent, and counterfeit documents.


Setting the Standard for High-Level Document Examinations

For over 45 years, foster+freeman VSC systems have been trusted by experts worldwide to provide the highest level of document examination in forensic laboratories, at border security checkpoints, immigration offices, banks, and other government and commercial settings where document authenticity is critical.

Through ongoing collaboration with document examiners, security feature manufacturers, and document issuers, foster+freeman has engineered the VSC 9000 to deliver the most comprehensive document interrogation available to date. This cutting-edge system incorporates a range of innovative and improved examination technologies, including:

VSC SRI Super Resolution Imaging

An optical system providing excellent clarity and image resolution of documents captured using two precision 12MP cameras.

Multi-Modal Illumination

Provides over 100 modes of LED and incandescent lighting to conduct examinations that span the entire forensic imaging spectrum from UV to IR.

Integral Micro Spectrometer

For the non-destructive, quantifiable analysis of a document’s material composition.

Advanced Imaging Modes (HDR/HSI/3D)

To boost image quality, create hyperspectral image stacks, and generate a 3D image of a document’s surface topography for the visualisation of imperfections and signs of tampering etc.

EAC Chip Authentication on ePassports

To view all personal data contained on the RFID chip of an Electronic Machine-Readable Travel Document.

AI ASSIST MRZ Reader

For the automated recognition of document Machine Readable Zones (MRZ).


The Ultimate Verdict in Document Authentication

New technology provides the highest forensic-level solution for the interrogation of questioned documents including passports, ID cards, visas, driver’s licences etc.

Providing an unrivalled combination of inspection and interrogation tools within a single high-specification system, the VSC9000 provides the ultimate verdict in document authentication for criminal investigation, border and immigration security, and should be the number one choice for all applications where the integrity of documents or printed material comes into question.


Learn More about the World’s Most Advanced VSC for Document Examination

Explore the VSC Range

Laboratory Examination

Border Security

Remote Examination

ID Documents

Travel Documents

A4/Letter Documents

Pixel Perfect Imaging

Ultra-High Magnification

Live Examination

Material Analysis

Digital/eChip Analysis

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From the Oscars to Real-World Forensics: Navigating the Divide https://fosterfreeman.com/from-the-oscars-to-real-world-forensics/ https://fosterfreeman.com/from-the-oscars-to-real-world-forensics/#respond Fri, 15 Mar 2024 12:16:21 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/women-in-forensics-copy/ Forensic professionals are well acquainted with the phenomenon known as the "CSI effect," which refers to the inflated expectations that the public often has regarding forensic technology, largely influenced by depictions seen on television. In these shows, attractive crime scene examiners, often accompanied by glamorous assistants, appear to effortlessly uncover critical evidence within moments, frequently concluding cases within the span of a single episode.

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foster+freeman BLOG

From the Oscars to Real-World Forensics


Forensic professionals are well acquainted with the phenomenon known as the “CSI effect,” which refers to the inflated expectations that the public often has regarding forensic technology, largely influenced by depictions seen on television. In these shows, attractive crime scene examiners, often accompanied by glamorous assistants, appear to effortlessly uncover critical evidence within moments, frequently concluding cases within the span of a single episode.

However, as the allure of Hollywood’s portrayal fades, the harsh realities of forensic investigation become apparent. Crime scene examinations are typically slow and meticulous processes, where finding evidence can be challenging, and breakthroughs are hard-won. It’s rare for a single piece of evidence to lead to a conclusive resolution of an otherwise unsolvable case. While it’s true that some individuals involved in forensic science may possess striking appearances, the similarities between television portrayals and real-life practices largely end there.

Technological Limitations

At the crime scene, numerous physical and technological limitations come into play. Human vision has its boundaries, time is of the essence, and the available technology may not always meet the demands of the investigation. This is precisely where Foster+Freeman steps in. Rather than seeing limitations as roadblocks, we view them as opportunities for innovation.

Take, for instance, the development of light sources for crime scene investigations. Back in 1977, the Ontario Provincial Police in Canada received the first-ever forensic laser, emitting blue and green illumination that unveiled evidence previously invisible to the naked eye. Thirteen years later, the first mobile crime unit was introduced, equipped with a powerful laser system.

In 2002, foster+freeman saw portability in the forensic alternate light sources as a major limitation and therefore released the ground-breaking Crime-lite. This handheld, LCD-based light source revolutionized the field, offering unparalleled power in a compact, lightweight design. Suddenly, traditional light sources’ cumbersome, impractical nature became a thing of the past. With the Crime Light range, we shattered the confines of mobility, making powerful forensic illumination accessible in handheld devices. But innovation doesn’t stop there. Recent advancements in camera and processing technology have paved the way for a new era of crime scene investigation.

Enter the Crime-lite AUTO – the world’s first truly portable device combining crime light illumination from ultraviolet through visible into infrared wavelengths. Equipped with automatic filter selection and a high-quality 20-megapixel camera, this device transcends the limits of human vision, functionality, and portability.

By consolidating what would have previously required multiple cases of equipment into a single, user-friendly device, the Crime-lite AUTO represents a quantum leap forward in forensic investigation technology.

SOCO uses the Crime-lite AUTO

Further Limitations

One of the most noticeable differences between TV forensics and real-world investigations is the time frame in which cases are solved. On television, cases are often wrapped up neatly within a single episode, with evidence analysed and suspects apprehended in a matter of days or even hours. In reality, forensic investigations can take weeks, months, or even years to complete. Processing evidence, conducting thorough analyses, and following up on leads all contribute to a much longer timeline than what is portrayed on TV. Some cases go cold and may not be solved for years, for instance, Home Office data shows that only 5.7% of crimes reported resulted in a charge or summons from April 2022 to April 2023 – with 2.3 million crimes dropped without a single suspect being identified. Television shows often depict forensic laboratories as state-of-the-art facilities equipped with the latest technology and cutting-edge equipment. While real forensic labs certainly utilize advanced tools and techniques, they may not always have access to the same level of resources as their fictional counterparts. Additionally, the portrayal of certain technologies on TV can be exaggerated or misrepresented, leading to unrealistic expectations of what is possible in real-life forensic investigations.

In the realm of forensic science, television dramas often blur the lines between reality and fiction, especially concerning the role of forensic scientists. One common misconception perpetuated by these shows is the portrayal of forensic scientists as active participants in criminal investigations, akin to detectives. However, in reality, forensic scientists typically work behind the scenes in laboratory settings, meticulously analyzing evidence rather than actively interrogating suspects or making arrests. Their work involves applying scientific principles and methodologies to examine various types of evidence, ranging from DNA samples to ballistic residues, to uncover crucial details about a crime. While their contributions are invaluable to law enforcement agencies, their role is more akin to that of scientific experts, offering insights and findings crucial to the investigation process. They collaborate closely with law enforcement officers, providing them with the scientific evidence necessary to build a case and pursue justice. Understanding this important distinction is essential for viewers to appreciate the nuanced and collaborative nature of forensic investigations in real life, where the synergy between forensic science and law enforcement is fundamental to solving crimes and ensuring the integrity of the justice system.

How foster+freeman help reduce the impact of limitations

Time and Technology are the two most important limitations that Hollywood doesn’t address. Foster+freeman’s main aim is to help solve these limitations by being on the cutting edge of technology, pushing the boundaries and coming up with new ideas and revolutionary technology that helps detect more evidence, speed up evidence workflow and detect previously undetectable evidence.

For instance, there was a story that came out in December 2021, of a 38-year-old cold case in Del Ray Beach Florida that has been solved thanks to a piece of revolutionary technology from foster+freeman, RECOVER.

the tragic case of Carla Lowe remained unsolved for close to 40 years with detectives unable to move the case forward due to a lack of evidence. However, all that changed when a key piece of evidence, held in storage since 1983, was re-examined using RECOVER, a new fingerprint visualisation instrument.

Jointly developed by foster+freeman, the MoD Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (dstl), the Home Office Centre for Applied Science and Technology (CAST), and Loughborough University RECOVER LFT is a cutting-edge technique that uses an innovative chemical vapour fuming process to develop fingerprints on a range of difficult surfaces including those that have been exposed to extreme heat (discharged bullet casings, for example) and items that have been washed ‘clean’ in an attempt to prevent identification. RECOVER LFT can reveal fingerprints even after they have been physically removed from an object, and has been demonstrated to consistently outperform existing fingerprint development techniques across a range of ‘difficult’ surfaces.

The unique chemical vapour process by which RECOVER develops fingerprints has the potential to reveal fingermarks that would previously have been deemed impossible, making it of immense benefit to investigators seeking to reappraise cold case evidence. An entirely new process, the limits of the RECOVER LFT technique are still being explored. Ongoing tests are yet to discover an upper limit for the development of aged prints.


Conclusion

In the world of forensic investigation, the disparity between Hollywood’s portrayal and the real-life challenges faced by professionals is stark. While television often glamorizes and accelerates the process, the truth is far more complex and nuanced. Forensic scientists grapple with technological limitations, time constraints, and the harsh reality of unsolved cases that linger for years. However, amidst these challenges, innovation and collaboration shine as beacons of hope.

Modern technology continues to play a pivotal role in reducing the limitations inherent in forensic investigations, effectively bridging the gap between the fictional portrayals seen on television and the realities faced by forensic professionals. Advancements in various fields have revolutionized the way evidence is collected, analysed, and interpreted.

One area where technology has made significant strides is in the development of portable forensic tools. Devices like the Crime-lite AUTO mentioned earlier exemplify this trend, offering comprehensive crime scene illumination and imaging capabilities in a single, compact package. Such tools not only enhance the efficiency of evidence collection but also enable investigators to uncover vital clues that may have previously gone unnoticed.

While it’s important to acknowledge the discrepancies between forensic science as depicted on television and its real-world counterparts, it’s equally important to recognize the positive impact that these shows can have on inspiring interest in the field. Television dramas, with their gripping storylines and compelling characters, often serve as a gateway for individuals intrigued by the intersection of science and criminal justice.

For many aspiring forensic scientists, their initial fascination with the field may have been sparked by watching their favorite crime-solving protagonists in action. These shows, while dramatized for entertainment purposes, often showcase the intellectual challenge and problem-solving aspects of forensic work, capturing the imagination of viewers and igniting a passion for scientific inquiry.

Moreover, the portrayal of forensic science on television helps demystify the profession and make it more accessible to a wider audience. By bringing the intricacies of forensic investigation into the living rooms of millions, these shows raise awareness about the importance of forensic science in solving crimes and delivering justice.

Additionally, television dramas can highlight the diverse array of career opportunities within the field of forensic science, from DNA analysis to ballistics and beyond. This exposure can inspire individuals from various backgrounds to pursue careers in forensic science, contributing to a more diverse and inclusive workforce.

Ultimately, while it’s essential to temper expectations and provide a realistic portrayal of forensic science, we must also acknowledge the role that television plays in sparking interest and enthusiasm for the field. By leveraging the power of storytelling and entertainment, we can inspire the next generation of forensic scientists to embark on a journey of discovery and make meaningful contributions to the pursuit of justice.


Learn More

RECOVER LFT

LATENT FINGERPRINT TECHNOLOGY

RECOVER LFT is a cutting-edge chemical vapor fuming process to develop fingerprints on a range of difficult surfaces including those that have been exposed to extreme heat (discharged bullet casings, for example) and items that have been washed ‘clean’ in an attempt to prevent identification. 

View Product Page

Crime-lite® AUTO

Forensic imaging technology meets powerful multi-spectral illumination in this complete solution to the search, detection, and capture of evidence.

Investigators no longer need to carry a box full of light sources, a camera, filters, and multiple pairs of goggles, because the Crime-lite AUTO offers all this functionality in a single package.

Providing complete portability and ease of use for the operator, the Crime-lite AUTO is an essential tool for criminal investigators and first responders and includes all of the technology required to reveal evidence including body fluids (semen, saliva, urine, etc.); blood on dark fabrics; fingerprints; gunshot residues; and traces of physical evidence (glass, fibres, hairs, etc.).

View product page

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Celebrating Women in Forensic Science on International Women’s Day https://fosterfreeman.com/women-in-forensics/ https://fosterfreeman.com/women-in-forensics/#respond Fri, 08 Mar 2024 11:04:33 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/shining-a-light-on-wildlife-forensics-copy/ As we commemorate International Women's Day, a global celebration of the achievements and contributions of women throughout history, it is fitting to shine a spotlight on the remarkable women who have left an indelible mark in the field of forensic science. The realm of forensics has witnessed the emergence of numerous talented and trailblazing women who have played pivotal roles in shaping the landscape of crime-solving methodologies.

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foster+freeman BLOG

Celebrating Women in Forensic Science

As we commemorate International Women’s Day, a global celebration of the achievements and contributions of women throughout history, it is fitting to shine a spotlight on the remarkable women who have left an indelible mark in the field of forensic science. The realm of forensics has witnessed the emergence of numerous talented and trailblazing women who have played pivotal roles in shaping the landscape of crime-solving methodologies.

At foster+freeman, we take pride in acknowledging the invaluable contributions of these women, whose dedication, expertise, and relentless pursuit of justice have significantly advanced the field of forensic science. From groundbreaking research to hands-on investigative work, women in forensic science have left an enduring legacy that continues to impact the way we understand and unravel complex criminal cases.

In this blog, we will explore the stories of some of the most notable women in forensic science, delving into their achievements, innovations, and the challenges they’ve overcome. Join us in celebrating the achievements of these incredible women and recognizing the pivotal role they play in pushing the boundaries of forensic science on this International Women’s Day.

Frances Glessner Lee (1878–1962):

Delving into the annals of forensic science history, the name Frances Glessner Lee stands out as a true trailblazer, and rightfully so. Often hailed as the “mother of forensic science,” Lee’s contributions echo through time, leaving an indelible mark on a field that was in its infancy during her groundbreaking era.

Breaking societal norms, Lee made history by becoming the first female police captain in the U.S. Her journey was not just a personal triumph but a pivotal moment for women in law enforcement, setting the stage for others to follow in her footsteps.

However, Lee’s impact reaches far beyond her role as a police captain. She played a pivotal role in the establishment of the first-of-its-kind Department of Legal Medicine at Harvard University. In an era when forensic science was just beginning to find its footing, Lee’s foresight and determination laid the foundation for the academic and practical aspects of the field.

Lee’s most renowned contribution, the “nutshell studies of unexplained death,” showcases her ingenious approach to forensic training. Faced with a glaring lack of training for investigators at the time, Lee recognized the urgent need for tools that would instil a scientific and methodical approach to crime scene examination. Enter the Nutshells, miniature dioramas meticulously crafted by Lee beginning in the 1940s.

These dioramas, essentially the “virtual reality” of their time, were constructed with a level of detail that challenged trainees’ powers of observation and deduction. From the minutiae of bullet hole angles to the precise placement of window latches, the Nutshells replicated crime scenes with an astonishing level of accuracy. Each element, down to the patterns of blood splatters and the discolouration of handmade miniature corpses, served as a training ground for forensic examiners to hone their skills.

What makes Lee’s Nutshells truly timeless is their continued relevance. Even today, these miniature crime scenes are employed in training seminars at the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in Baltimore. Lee’s legacy lives on through the enduring effectiveness of her innovative teaching tools, ensuring that generations of forensic scientists continue to learn and refine their craft.

Frances Glessner Lee’s story is one of resilience, vision, and a pioneering spirit that continues to inspire and shape the very fabric of forensic science. Her dedication to advancing the field, coupled with her unique approach to education, has left an enduring legacy that transcends time and resonates with all those who seek truth in the meticulous world of forensic investigation.

Lorie Shaull, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Angela Gallop

Dr. Angela Gallop has etched her name in history through pioneering contributions that have transformed the way we approach criminal investigations. A highly esteemed British forensic scientist, Dr. Gallop’s illustrious career is marked by a relentless commitment to advancing forensic casework and DNA analysis. Her expertise has been instrumental in unravelling the complexities of numerous high-profile criminal cases, demonstrating an unparalleled ability to discern crucial details from forensic evidence.

In 1986, Dr. Gallop took a monumental step in the field by founding Forensic Access, an institution that is a testament to her dedication to forensic science. She established this consultancy as a hub for a comprehensive range of forensic science services, including training programs, consultancy services, and meticulous casework analysis. Forensic Access’s impact extends far beyond a consultancy’s confines, acting as a catalyst for progress and innovation in the broader landscape of forensic science.

Dr. Angela Gallop’s influence extends beyond the confines of her casework and consultancy endeavours. She has generously shared her wealth of knowledge and experience by authoring insightful books on forensic science. Her contributions in this realm serve not only to educate future forensic scientists but also to inspire a new generation of professionals to push the boundaries of what is possible in forensic analysis.

Widely acclaimed for her significant contributions, Dr. Gallop’s legacy is imprinted not only in the scientific community but also resonates powerfully in the legal and law enforcement sectors. Her unwavering dedication to precision, accuracy, and justice has not only solved crimes but has also set an enduring standard for the ethical and meticulous practice of forensic science. As we reflect on the strides made in the field, Dr Angela Gallop stands as a beacon, guiding the way forward for forensic scientists committed to excellence in unravelling the mysteries surrounding criminal investigations.

Clea Koff

Clea Koff is a forensic anthropologist who gained recognition for her work in identifying victims of war crimes and mass disasters. She has been involved in various international investigations and has contributed significantly to the field of forensic anthropology. Clea’s fascination with bones led her to study Biological Anthropology at the University of Edinburgh. Little did she know, this would kickstart a career that would redefine the way we approach human stories hidden in skeletal remains. Clea’s real impact came in the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide. Working with the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, she got her hands dirty – quite literally – exhuming and identifying victims from mass graves. Her work added pieces to the puzzle, contributing to the pursuit of justice for those affected by war crimes.

One of Clea’s defining moments she occurred in the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide in 1994. At the heart of the chaos and devastation, she joined the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). Her role was crucial in the painstaking process of exhuming and identifying victims from mass graves, where the remnants of unspeakable atrocities were buried. Clea’s forensic expertise played a vital role in piecing together the puzzle of what transpired during one of the darkest chapters in human history.

Koff’s impact extends beyond Rwanda. Her forensic anthropology work has taken her to conflict zones worldwide, including Bosnia, Croatia, and Kosovo. In these regions torn by war, her ability to identify human remains has provided closure for families and contributed valuable evidence to international efforts to prosecute war criminals. Forensic anthropology isn’t just about bones; it’s about bringing justice to those who have suffered. Clea’s work has been instrumental in providing the evidence needed to hold perpetrators accountable for war crimes. Her meticulous approach to human identification ensures that the stories of the victims are not only heard but also recognized in legal proceedings, offering a glimmer of justice in the aftermath of atrocities.

Clea’s impact goes beyond her direct involvement in forensic casework. She has become a passionate advocate for human rights, using her expertise to shed light on the importance of forensic science in addressing human rights abuses. By engaging in advocacy initiatives, she has amplified the significance of forensic anthropology in uncovering and acknowledging the truth behind acts of violence. Koff’s work exemplifies the delicate balance between science and humanity in forensic anthropology. Her ability to navigate the intricacies of skeletal remains not only contributes to the scientific understanding of past events but also brings a human touch to the often sterile field of forensic science. Through her work, she bridges the gap between bones and the stories they silently tell.

foster+freeman

When we talk about the impactful contributions of women in the field of forensics, it’s not just about historical figures or trailblazers; it’s about the incredible women working around the globe and right here at foster+freeman. Our team is a testament to the diversity of roles and expertise that women bring to the forefront in various areas of our business.

From the dynamic realm of production to the innovative domain of Research and Development (R+D), and the strategic fields of applications and sales, women at foster+freeman are making waves in every facet of the business. Their dedication and proficiency are the driving forces behind the success of our endeavours, both locally and on a global scale.

You might already recognize some of these talented women if you’ve ever tuned into our webinars or attended our training sessions, either online or in person. Their faces are a testament to the wealth of knowledge and expertise that enriches the foster+freeman family. So let’s meet some of our application specialists!

UK and EU Technical Training & Sales Support Team

Laura Dodd
Laura Dodd

Laura Dodd
Fingerprint/Crime-lite Lead & Senior Applications Specialist

A trained Forensic Biologist and former team leader in a laboratory, Laura has been with us for 4 years. She now specialises in Crime-lites and fingerprint technology. She loves to travel and has backpacked solo across (most of) Asia!

Calypso Harvey
Calypso Harvey

Calypso Harvey
Applications Specialist

When she’s not at home baking or re-watching Bridget Jones’s Diary, Calypso specialises in fingerprint technology and the Crime-lite range. She has now been with us for one year after completing her masters degree in Chemistry.

Leoni Mimnagh
Leoni Mimnagh

Leoni Mimnagh
Applications Specialist

Resident sushi fanatic and Marvel-obsessive Leoni joined us in March 2022 after completing her degree in Forensic Science. She now specialises in Questioned Document Examination.

Estefania Gomez Garcia
Estefania Gomez Garcia

Estefania Gomez Garcia
Applications Specialist

Estefania is a Forensic Investigation graduate who specialises in Questioned Document Examination. Outside of work you can find her perfecting her driving skills or undergoing a brutal CrossFit session.


Conclusion

And to the fantastic women at foster+freeman, each contributing in their unique and impactful ways, we salute you. Your dedication to the world of forensic science is nothing short of amazing, and your stories add vibrancy and innovation to this fascinating field.

As we reflect on the achievements, innovations, and challenges of these incredible women, let’s not only celebrate their contributions but also look forward to a future where more women continue to shape the narrative of forensic science. The trailblazers we’ve explored in this blog are a testament to the remarkable possibilities that arise when passion, dedication, and expertise converge in the pursuit of truth and justice.

Here’s to the women who have redefined forensic science, proving that the future is not just female but extraordinarily bright. May their stories inspire a new generation to embark on their forensic journeys, pushing the boundaries and unravelling the mysteries that lie ahead. Happy International Women’s Day!

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Shining a Light on Wildlife Forensics: Unveiling the Secrets of Wildlife Crime https://fosterfreeman.com/shining-a-light-on-wildlife-forensics/ https://fosterfreeman.com/shining-a-light-on-wildlife-forensics/#respond Mon, 04 Mar 2024 11:28:35 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/victim-first-forensics-copy/ One area of forensics that doesn’t get talked about nearly enough is the area of wildlife crime. Wildlife crime like others, happens every single day around the world. Globally, poaching is a crime of huge international significance, which is in many cases contributing to the extinction of many of our planet's most treasured species.

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foster+freeman BLOG

Shining a Light on Wildlife Forensics

One area of forensics that doesn’t get talked about nearly enough is the area of wildlife crime. Wildlife crime like others, happens every single day around the world. Globally, poaching is a crime of huge international significance, which is in many cases contributing to the extinction of many of our planet’s most treasured species. We’ve all seen footage of elephants, rhinos and big game animals being tracked down by hunters seeking to harvest valuable ivory or perhaps even just an attractive trophy for their wall. However, poaching is in no way limited to these high-profile occurrences. In 2023, Interpol stated that “illegal wildlife trade has become one of the world’s largest criminal activities”. They estimated that the black market for illegal wildlife products worth up to 20 billion USD per year, poaching and the illegal wildlife trade has become a major area of activity for organized crime groups and is increasingly linked with armed violence, corruption and other forms of organized crime.


Introduction

Wildlife Forensics is a specialized branch of forensic science that deals with crimes involving animals, from illegal poaching and trafficking to habitat destruction. Its primary goal is to identify, analyze, and interpret evidence related to wildlife crimes, supporting law enforcement agencies, conservationists, and researchers in their efforts to protect endangered species and ecosystems.

Every country faces its own unique variation of illegal hunting that needs to be investigated, prosecuted, and ultimately discouraged. Here in the UK, the National Wildlife Crime Unit has been established to provide operational support to law enforcement and to act as a focal point for wildlife, crime, intelligence, and investigation in the UK. The NWCU website currently lists the following as common wildlife crime offenses here in the United Kingdom hare coursing deer and fish poaching badger persecution including baiting, snaring, shooting and disturbance of assets and bat persecution.

The trade-in ivory, tortoises, rhino horn and other protected species, including caviar, traditional Chinese medicines and even orchids, egg theft and collection and bird of prey persecution through poisoning, trapping, shooting, disturbance of the nest and theft of chicks. The last two items on the list egg theft and bird of prey persecution are growing problems here in the UK, and despite the RSPB highlighting a big increase in cases, very few arrests or prosecutions are taking place.

Research into latent mark detections on difficult surfaces relevant to wildlife crime includes human and animal skins, foodstuffs, fabrics and animals. Cyanoacrylate Fuming and powdering techniques have been reported as potential enhancement techniques for deer antlers, elephant tusks and live reptiles. The use of cyanoacrylate and fluorescent powders is a good example of using existing, commonplace forensic tools and techniques to investigate wildlife crimes.

Abertay University academic Helen McMorris

Not Just Animals

The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service employs the use of the world’s only full-service mobile forensic laboratory specialising in wildlife forensics. It supports the work of enforcement agents and inspectors who protect threatened and endangered species; who prosecute illegal hunting, poaching, and smuggling; and who investigate multi-billion dollar international black-market criminal enterprises trading in hides, skins, eggs, organs, and other wildlife specimens.

Wildlife crime however, is not just about animals, poaching and hunting, it is also about the illegal logging and timber trade, Worth an estimated $51–$152 billion annually, the illegal timber industry simultaneously threatens the world’s forests and steals from local communities that rely on forests for food, health, and wealth. In addition to destroying biodiversity and contributing significant greenhouse gas emissions, illegal logging has devastating economic and social impacts in forest countries. From the violence and human rights abuses suffered by local forest communities to billions of dollars in much-needed tax revenue lost each year, these crimes are enabled by international markets and the trade in illegal timber.


The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service employs the use of the world’s only full-service mobile forensic laboratory specialising in wildlife forensics. It supports the work of enforcement agents and inspectors who protect threatened and endangered species; prosecute illegal hunting, poaching, and smuggling; and investigate multi-billion dollar international black-market criminal enterprises trading in hides, skins, eggs, organs, and other wildlife specimens.

Wildlife crime however, is not just about animals, poaching and hunting, it is also about the illegal logging and timber trade, Worth an estimated $51–$152 billion annually, the illegal timber industry simultaneously threatens the world’s forests and steals from local communities that rely on forests for food, health, and wealth. In addition to destroying biodiversity and contributing significant greenhouse gas emissions, illegal logging has devastating economic and social impacts in forest countries. From the violence and human rights abuses suffered by local forest communities to billions of dollars in much-needed tax revenue lost each year, these crimes are enabled by international markets and the trade in illegal timber.

Use of ALS in Wildlife Crime

The use of a forensic light source in the detection of ivory or bone fragments plays a pivotal role in the ongoing battle against wildlife crime, especially the illegal trade in endangered species. Ivory, prized for its aesthetic appeal and historical significance, is often trafficked in various forms, including carved artefacts, trinkets, and ornamental items. Forensic light sources, equipped with specific wavelengths, can unveil intricate details on ivory or bone surfaces that might otherwise remain concealed. The natural fluorescence emitted by these materials under such illumination aids in distinguishing between authentic ivory and synthetic alternatives. This capability is crucial, given that counterfeit ivory, often made from resins, is prevalent in the market. By leveraging forensic light sources, law enforcement can uncover hidden details, assess the authenticity of seized items, and build stronger cases against traffickers, contributing significantly to the enforcement of wildlife protection laws and the conservation of endangered species.

The use of forensic alternate light sources is incredibly important when trying to examine a crime scene or evidence in a setting of wildlife crime. Especially an alternate light source such as the Crime-lite AUTO, is used in the field to capture a full multispectral snapshot of the crime scene and perform visible infrared examinations of any evidence with information being quickly fed back to a central office or laboratory. Video footage is also possible using the crime light auto at one time. The multispectral imaging achieved by the crime lab auto was only possible using a large lab-based piece of equipment such as a VSC.

Fraudulent Documentation

The VSC is employed worldwide in multiple different scenarios, environments, and applications. However, the most popular application for the VSC is the inspection and interrogation of questioned documents.

 The VSC can perform a multi-spectral illumination examination of a questioned document to reveal its hidden details and uncover the evidence. It can see through the layers of a document to reveal how it was tampered with. It can differentiate between original and copied signatures and writing.

The VSC is often used to examine documents for ink analysis; different inks fluoresce under varied light conditions based on their properties. Even inks from the same source have different properties; we can use the VSC workstations to analyse these inks and see when/if a document was tampered with.

Fraudulent documents often go hand in hand with illicit wildlife trade, Fake papers are frequently produced, or genuine documents altered to disguise the authenticity, illegality, quantity, volume, origin or destination of Wildlife and wildlife products. This can also involve the removal, alteration, defacing or erasure of customs stamps or labels affixed to restricted animals and plants. In some countries, there are specific offences directly related to the use of fraudulent documents in the context of wildlife trafficking.


Conclusion


In conclusion, the realm of wildlife crime is a complex and pervasive issue that extends far beyond the publicized poaching incidents of iconic species. The interconnected web of illegal activities, from the trafficking of ivory and endangered species to the illegal logging and timber trade, poses a serious threat to our planet’s biodiversity and ecosystems. As highlighted by Interpol, the illicit wildlife trade has grown to become one of the world’s largest criminal activities, with an estimated value of up to 20 billion USD annually.

Wildlife forensics emerges as a crucial tool in the fight against these crimes, addressing challenges specific to animal-related offences, including poaching, habitat destruction, and fraudulent documentation. The use of forensic light sources, such as the Crime-lite AUTO, plays a pivotal role in detecting bone fragments, ivory, and other critical evidence in the field. This technology enables law enforcement to capture multispectral snapshots of crime scenes, perform examinations, and quickly relay information back to central offices or laboratories.

Moreover, the significance of forensic tools extends beyond animals to the realm of documents. The Video Spectral Comparator (VSC) becomes an invaluable asset in uncovering fraudulent documents associated with wildlife trafficking. By employing multi-spectral illumination examinations, the VSC reveals hidden details, exposes tampering, and distinguishes between original and altered signatures. This capability is particularly crucial in the context of wildlife crime, where the production of fake papers and the alteration of genuine documents are common tactics to conceal the illegality of trafficking.

As we navigate the intricate web of wildlife crime, it is evident that a comprehensive approach, encompassing forensic science, international cooperation, and stringent law enforcement, is necessary to address the root causes and consequences of these activities. The research and technologies discussed in this article offer hope for a transformative impact on wildlife crime convictions, contributing to the global efforts to protect endangered species, preserve biodiversity, and combat organized criminal enterprises involved in this destructive trade.


Learn More

Crime-lite® X

Handheld, Multi-Spectral LED Light Source with Advanced FunctionalityThe biggest leap forward in Forensic Light Source technology for over 20 years.

A complete ALS kit in a single light source, the Crime-lite X enables the examiner to seamlessly switch between White, UV, Violet, Blue, Blue/Green, Green, Orange, Red, and Infrared LEDs, to perform a comprehensive multi-spectral examination of a crime scene.

Operated via a simple 3-button interface, the Crime-lite X provides new functionality never seen before in a forensic light source that will ensure that crime scene and laboratory examiners reveal the maximum amount of evidence in every examination.

View Product Page

Crime-lite® AUTO

Forensic imaging technology meets powerful multi-spectral illumination in this complete solution to the search, detection, and capture of evidence.

Investigators no longer need to carry a box full of light sources, a camera, filters, and multiple pairs of goggles, because the Crime-lite AUTO offers all this functionality in a single package.

Providing complete portability and ease of use for the operator, the Crime-lite AUTO is an essential tool for criminal investigators and first responders and includes all of the technology required to reveal evidence including body fluids (semen, saliva, urine, etc.); blood on dark fabrics; fingerprints; gunshot residues; and traces of physical evidence (glass, fibres, hairs, etc.).

View product page

RELATED WEBINAR

Wildlife Forensics

Wildlife forensics is a relatively new field of criminal investigation. In many countries, lags far behind other fields of forensic science in terms of budget and the availability of manpower, equipment and resources.
In this webinar, we focus on getting the most out of a limited range of equipment and using common forensic tools and instruments, occasionally in unexpected ways, to examine wildlife crimes.

Watch Now

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Victim First Forensics: Focusing on the Victims of Crime https://fosterfreeman.com/victim-first-forensics/ https://fosterfreeman.com/victim-first-forensics/#respond Fri, 23 Feb 2024 10:29:35 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/vsc-premiere-range-qde-copy/ Sexual assault, a devastating crime that has unfortunately surged in recent years, remains a grave concern. Despite high reporting numbers, a startlingly low fraction of cases is reported due to reasons like fear, shame, and lack of faith in the justice system.

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foster+freeman BLOG

Victim First Forensics: Focusing on the Victims of Crime

We often focus on the perpetrators of crime and how we can use modern technology to detect and examine the traces of evidence that will connect a criminal to their offence. But it is important to look at it with a different approach. We will be looking at crime with a victim-first approach; we will be putting the victim first and examining the effect that forensic investigations can have on the casualties of crime. More specifically, we will look at the ways CSIs, lab examiners, forensic nurses and other forensic professionals can utilise modern technology to put the well-being of the victim right at the centre of their investigation. The intention is to minimise any additional trauma or distress that may be caused to someone who’s already suffering as a victim of crime.

Foster + Freeman Forensic Examiner Searching For Evidence Using the Crime-Lite 82S.

Introduction

Sexual assault, a devastating crime that has unfortunately surged in recent years, remains a grave concern. Despite high reporting numbers, a startlingly low fraction of cases is reported due to reasons like fear, shame, and lack of faith in the justice system.

As forensic practitioners, the most disheartening reason, “a lack of faith in the police and justice system,” is the one we aim to combat. By enhancing the quality of evidence, we can positively influence the chances of justice prevailing.

Using an ALS is a non-invasive and non-destructive way to examine potential evidence on the skin. This is especially important when dealing with fragile or sensitive skin, as it minimizes the risk of causing further harm during the examination process. Furthermore, during this examination, the use of ALS can help speed up the examination process, allowing the victim to get this traumatic time and experience over sooner.

Identification of Bruises and Injuries

The utilization of a Crime-lite ALS significantly enhances the capacity of forensic examiners and nurses to identify and document injuries that may otherwise go unnoticed under standard lighting conditions. The application of UV or Violet illumination reveals subtle bruising and patterns of injuries that remain invisible to the naked eye, even after healing has occurred. This remarkable capability to penetrate through the layers of skin uncovers trauma long after its visible traces have seemingly vanished, providing a crucial advantage in piecing together the timeline of events in a crime.

Pattern Recognition

In cases involving physical abuse or assault, the Crime-lite proves invaluable in pattern recognition, shedding light on specific details that might be overlooked under normal circumstances. Forensic professionals can highlight patterns such as fingerprints, fabric impressions, or tool marks by employing different light wavelengths. This not only aids in identifying potential assailants but also offers insights into the type of weapons involved in the commission of the crime. The enhanced visibility provided by Crime-lites significantly contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamics surrounding the incident, potentially leading to more accurate investigative outcomes.

Detection of Body Fluids

Forensic nurses and dermatologists frequently encounter cases related to sexual assault or incidents involving bodily fluids. The Crime-lite ALS emerges as a critical tool in this context, enabling the detection of semen, saliva, urine, and other bodily fluids that may not be easily visible under normal lighting conditions. This capability facilitates the collection of pertinent evidence for further analysis, ensuring a thorough and comprehensive examination process. The use of ALS technology not only expedites the identification of relevant bodily fluids but also minimizes the risk of oversight, contributing to a more robust forensic investigation and bolstering the chances of justice prevailing in these sensitive cases.

bruise

What is a SARC centre and what do they do?

Last year, we spoke to Sam Charles, a forensic examiner at the Glades Sexual Assault Referral Centre, or SARC Centre in Worcester. We asked her about how a typical examination is conducted.

“So when they come into the examination suite, they would change in the bathroom into a gown so that I can examine them top to toe for any injuries, record those on a body map and then usually at that point they will have given me a urine specimen as well when they’re changing. So that would generally be my first sample and then I would usually take swabs in the order that the FFLM guidelines for forensic examinations suggest. So once we’ve completed all the samples and finished that physical part of the examination, the client would then get dressed, go into another room and I would seal and bag and seal the sample. So, finish, labelling, bagging and sealing the samples and the crisis work will look after the client while I’m doing that. It is very common to have bruises that the clients say are bite marks, especially on the neck and breast. On female victims. Other very common bruises are if the assault has been violent in nature, there are quite often bruises over bony prominences, so knees, shins, hips, and elbows. Quite often, we might find fingerprint-type bruising on upper arms and round wrists if it’s been an outdoor assault. Quite often, people have abrasions from falling on the ground outside, or they’ve had to put their hands out if they’ve been pushed or something like that. Non intimate injuries, I would measure and draw badly, probably on a body map, really, just that a copy does get submitted to the police and that may be presented in the body maps. So I would measure the injury, record it on the relevant body diagram and describe it on the body diagram. But we don’t actually take photographs of non-intimate injuries. GIf it’s something that’s non intimate and obvious and the client is aware of, they say, Look, I’ve got this terrible mark on my neck, he bit me. They would hopefully have taken a photo. But if I find anything else, any bruises anywhere else, or abrasions or lacerations or anything that are non-intimate that the police haven’t photographed as part of my handover back to the police, I would say, right, there are some injuries that need photographing.


Can you arrange that? We can only record what we see at that moment on that day in that room, and we don’t have light sources to look for evidence on people that we could then swab. But we don’t use stains or lights, unusual lights. I think it’s kind of making sure that you really know what the story of what happened is. And that really helps the police and the scientists who are examining the samples to focus on those swabs that are most likely to give some evidence. As I say, we could just swab people from head to foot and submit hundreds of samples, but that’s not cost-effective, and it doesn’t help you to focus in on the most likely samples to test.”

Hearing those insights from a SARC professional, we were immediately struck by two things. One is the reliance upon swabbing for evidence and obviously, the fact that some evidence or some swabs may not even be processed due to cost implications. But I was also surprised to learn that many forensic nurses just don’t have the training or the expertise or the equipment to photograph injuries on victims and instead refer them back to the SOCO or police scene of crime. Officer, there’s a huge knowledge gap here, as well as a lack of training and equipment that could be solved quite easily through the introduction of a forensic light source. In any case, where the human body itself is the crime scene, a high-power fluorescent light source can be used to better visualise bite marks, bruising and puncture wounds as well as other traces of body fluids that might relate to a physical or sexual crime.

Dr Scafide report

How can we find evidence of assault on the skin?

At foster+freeman, for many years, we have been advocating the use of forensic light sources for the use of identification of bruises on the skin. In 2022, Dr. Kathrine Scafide began developing a way to detect bruising on dark skin tones. When Dr Scafide was a forensic nurse examining a victim of an assault, Dr Scafide couldn’t find the bite mark her patient described; this was due to the patient having a darker skin tone, meaning that it was harder for a forensic examiner to spot any discolouration, bruising or bite marks. “Because pigment is closer to the surface of the skin than a bruise, in patients with darker skin tones, bruise detection with the naked eye can be difficult or impossible.”

This sparked inspiration with Dr Scafide, this made her pursue a PhD from John Hopkins University, while pursuing her PhD she conducted a year of research study and she came to a crucial discovery; Alternate light sources such as blue and purple light, which have shorter wavelengths, make bruises more visible on darker skin tones, allowing for victims of assault to document their injuries and seek justice more easily.

We have used ALS for many years at the crime scene to detect all manner of forensic evidence, such as blood splatter, body fluids, gunshot residue and latent fingermarks. But what Dr Scafide couldn’t believe is that not many people thought to research how you can use and alternate light source to look at injuries on a person.

When searching for blood evidence at a crime scene, we use specific wavelengths of light to search for blood as blood will absorb this wavelength, and the background will reflect it, creating a vast contrast. We have known this statement to be a fact for many years. Well, a bruise is not too dissimilar to blood splatter, as a bruise is a collection of blood under the skin after trauma. So, with this in mind, What Scafide and her team found was that violet and blue light “correspond pretty closely to haemoglobin and some of its breakdown products.” By shining that light on a bruise and wearing coloured goggles, they could better view that area of absorption. Scafide found that this method was more effective than white light at spotting bruises “across all skin types,” but especially for people with darker skin pigmentation.

What Dr Scafide found after several years of research was that you are five times more likely to detect bruising with alternate light sources such as blue or violet light when compared to white light Dr Scafide used the Crime-lite 82S to conduct this research and here at forster+freeman we have been banging on for years about the use of our industry-leading crime-lite 82S PRO for the use of identification of bruises on the skin and now it is very reassuring to have the empirical hard data to prove us right and we hope that the use of forensic ALS can help speed up and identify more victims of abuse and can help bring the perpetrators to justice.

Reducing the stress

We have focussed a lot on how the investigation works when looking for crimes of a distressing nature but not actually how this investigation process can affect the victim of these crimes and put the victim first. This period can be incredibly distressing for the victim, and the investigation can make this worse as it is making the victim re-live this experience.

So, by putting the victim first and thinking of how we can reduce this stress but by gathering the most evidence at the same time, we need to think of ways we can increase the speed of examination effectively. We have already discussed how forensic light sources can reveal more evidence on the skin and bite marks and bruises, so employing the use of these can increase the speed of examination. However, we can further increase the speed and effectiveness of investigations by using an all-in-one alternate light source. The Crime-lite X5 is a multispectral light source that has been made with five wavelengths of light integrated into one unit. So, within the Crime-lite X5, we actually have two LEDs per wavelength of the wavelengths that we often associate with serology investigations, hence our pet name, the Crime-lite X serology unit. These wavelengths, from UV through to blue-green, as well as cool white light, are often associated with the search for body fluids. However, they do have a range of other uses, including searching for contamination as well as bruising and injuries. These wavelengths can be really effective in searching for injuries and potentially giving visualisation to injuries that aren’t visible to the naked eye. Often what might happen with an injury is that as it fades, particularly bruising, it’s no longer visible or only faintly visible on the top layers of skin. So to what we see visibly, we may not see much. However, the bruising will persist in the deeper levels of the dermis and using a light source, particularly violet light or maybe UV light, which are both within the Crime-lite X5, can be really helpful in giving some visibility to a bruise that no longer visible to us with the naked eye. And that can help to corroborate a victim’s account of what has happened.

Another option for increasing the speed and reducing the stress of a SARC examination is the Crime-lite AUTO. The versatility of the Crime-lite AUTO lends itself perfectly to a victim-first approach as you might employ in a SARC examination. Providing a full range of illumination. Combined with automatic filters and a UV vis/ir camera, the Crime-lite AUTO simplifies the task of examinations. It reduces the need for specialist training and it enables the examiner to fully document the entire examination. Investigators no longer need to carry a box full of light sources, a camera, filters, and multiple pairs of goggles, because the Crime-lite AUTO offers all this functionality in a single package.


Conclusion

In conclusion, a victim-first approach to forensic investigations is essential in addressing the aftermath of crimes, particularly distressing cases like sexual assault. The focus should not only be on the identification of perpetrators but also on minimizing the trauma experienced by the victims. Modern technology, specifically forensic light sources, has emerged as a crucial tool in achieving this delicate balance.

The insights from professionals at Sexual Assault Referral Centres (SARC) shed light on the challenges faced in evidence collection, including a reliance on swabbing, a lack of training for photographing injuries, and the potential non-processing of certain evidence due to cost considerations. The integration of forensic light sources, such as the Crime-lite ALS and Crime-lite X5, addresses these gaps by enhancing the visualization of injuries, bruises, and body fluids on various skin tones, ensuring a more comprehensive and efficient examination process.

Dr. Kathrine Scafide’s groundbreaking research further emphasizes the importance of alternate light sources, specifically blue and violet light, in detecting bruises on darker skin tones. The Crime-lite 82S PRO, utilized in her study, has proven to be five times more effective than traditional white light in identifying bruises. This empirical data supports the use of forensic ALS in expediting the identification of victims and facilitating justice.

Moreover, the emphasis on reducing the stress on victims during examinations is paramount. The Crime-lite X5 and Crime-lite AUTO offer multispectral light sources that not only enhance the speed of examination but also provide a victim-first approach by simplifying the process, reducing the need for multiple tools, and enabling thorough documentation.

In conclusion, the integration of modern forensic technology, especially forensic light sources, not only enhances the efficacy of investigations but also prioritizes the well-being of victims. By adopting a victim-first approach, forensic professionals can minimize trauma, expedite examinations, and contribute significantly to the pursuit of justice in the aftermath of distressing crimes.


Learn More

Crime-lite® X

Handheld, Multi-Spectral LED Light Source with Advanced FunctionalityThe biggest leap forward in Forensic Light Source technology for over 20 years.

A complete ALS kit in a single light source, the Crime-lite X enables the examiner to seamlessly switch between White, UV, Violet, Blue, Blue/Green, Green, Orange, Red, and Infrared LEDs, to perform a comprehensive multi-spectral examination of a crime scene.

Operated via a simple 3-button interface, the Crime-lite X provides new functionality never seen before in a forensic light source that will ensure that crime scene and laboratory examiners reveal the maximum amount of evidence in every examination.

View Product Page

Crime-lite® AUTO

Forensic imaging technology meets powerful multi-spectral illumination in this complete solution to the search, detection, and capture of evidence.

Investigators no longer need to carry a box full of light sources, a camera, filters, and multiple pairs of goggles, because the Crime-lite AUTO offers all this functionality in a single package.

Providing complete portability and ease of use for the operator, the Crime-lite AUTO is an essential tool for criminal investigators and first responders and includes all of the technology required to reveal evidence including body fluids (semen, saliva, urine, etc.); blood on dark fabrics; fingerprints; gunshot residues; and traces of physical evidence (glass, fibres, hairs, etc.).

View product page

Crime-lite LASER and Crime-lite AUTO at the crime scene
Crime-lite LASER and Crime-lite AUTO at the crime scene

RELATED WEBINAR

Victim First Forensics: Sexual Abuse and Sexual Violence

In this webinar we will be exploring the methods by which forensic practitioners are able to gather evidence of sexual abuse and violence.

Watch Now

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The Crucial Role of Forensic Science in Upholding Social Justice https://fosterfreeman.com/the-crucial-role-of-forensic-science-in-upholding-social-justice/ https://fosterfreeman.com/the-crucial-role-of-forensic-science-in-upholding-social-justice/#respond Fri, 16 Feb 2024 16:26:22 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/forensic-multispectral-imaging-in-fine-art-and-cultural-heritage-applications-with-vsc-and-crime-lite-copy/ With The United Nations World Day of Social Justice being observed on February 20th, we turn our attention to the role forensic science and technology plays in ensuring social justice is upheld and advanced across the globe.

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foster+freeman BLOG

The Crucial Role of Forensic Science in Upholding Social Justice

With The United Nations World Day of Social Justice being observed on February 20th, this blog post focusses on the crucial role that forensic science and technology plays in helping to ensure social justice is upheld and advanced across the globe.

The United Nations World Day of Social Justice represents a global commitment to promoting social justice, equality, and the fair treatment of all individuals, regardless of race, gender, religion, or socioeconomic status. Established in 2007, this commemorative day serves as a reminder of the international community’s shared responsibility to address social injustices and create a more inclusive and equitable world for present and future generations.


Background

How can forensic science uphold social justice?

For as long as the law has been enforced, it has been susceptible to bias, corruption, and the malignant influence of wider social inequalities, often resulting in terrible miscarriages of justice. The countless injustices of the colonial period, witch trials of the 16th and 17th centuries, or the case of François-Jean de la Barre, represent but a small selection of examples that demonstrate the vulnerability of justice systems to influence from racism, social prejudices, discrimination and personal grudges. Thankfully, in many modern cases, forensic evidence provides crucial impartiality and challenges the power of prejudice, preventing and overturning verdicts that may otherwise have been based on discriminatory beliefs.

At foster+freeman we take pride in being market-leaders in an industry so closely tied to upholding and enhancing social justice, and that each of our innovations has the power to contribute to providing greater social justice through increasing the quality and accessibility of forensic evidence. We are firm believers in the equality of forensic evidence and its ability to see through prejudice and discrimination, reveal truth in cases that may otherwise be swayed by bias and social inequality, and ensure that justice is upheld without being tainted by social inequalities.

In a world where justice is paramount for social harmony, forensic science stands as a cornerstone in the pursuit of truth and fairness, serving as more than just a tool for solving crimes. The objective nature of the discipline can ensure that the innocent are exonerated, the guilty are held accountable, and that truth can prevail amidst ambiguity, regardless of the effect of social injustices or biases. More than this, forensic science has the potential to address systemic biases themselves and contribute to a more just world for all.

Read on as we consider examples of how forensic science has upheld social justice, and how modern technologies are making it easier than ever to produce the quality forensic evidence necessary to achieve this.


DNA Evidence

DNA profiling has revolutionized forensic science and criminal investigation since its development in the 1980s. By providing a powerful tool for identifying suspects, exonerating the innocent, solving cold cases, and aiding in disaster victim identification, the accuracy and reliability of DNA profiling have made it an indispensable tool in the pursuit of social justice.

Since its inception in 1992, The Innocence Project, a non-profit organization dedicated to exonerating wrongfully convicted individuals, has utilized DNA analysis to overturn wrongful convictions. We can consider the case of Ronald Cotton, who was convicted in 1984 of raping Jennifer Thompson-Cannino in North Carolina.

Despite Thompson-Cannino’s confident identification of Cotton as her attacker, DNA evidence later proved his innocence. Forensic analysis of the biological evidence collected from the crime scene revealed that another man was the true perpetrator. Cotton spent 10 years in prison before DNA testing led to his exoneration in 1995. Thompson-Cannino and Cotton met following his exoneration and now work together to spread awareness about wrongful convictions and reforms.

We can also refer to the well-known case of the “Golden State Killer,” Joseph James DeAngelo, which exemplifies how forensic science can bring long-elusive perpetrators to justice. DeAngelo terrorized California in the 1970s and 1980s, committing a series of rapes and murders and eluding capture for decades. Advances in DNA technology enabled investigators to link DeAngelo to the crimes through genetic genealogy. By comparing DNA evidence collected from crime scenes to publicly available genealogy databases, forensic scientists identified distant relatives of the perpetrator, ultimately leading to DeAngelo’s arrest in 2018. Subsequent DNA testing confirmed his identity as the Golden State Killer, and he was sentenced to life in prison without parole.

Advances in forensic technology have vastly increased the ability of forensic examiners to screen for, capture and analyse body fluids and other physical evidence such as hair or fingernails at the crime-scene, allowing DNA to be collected and used as evidence in court. Multispectral alternative light sources, as found within our Crime-lite Range, empower CSIs to search for evidence using a range of wavelengths, with single devices such as the revolutionary Crime-lite AUTO now capable of providing illumination across the electromagnetic spectrum, imaging evidence through appropriate filters and capturing quality, court-ready photographic evidence. You can learn more about this process of fluorescence imaging with bandpass filters here.



Trace Evidence

The forensic analysis of trace evidence often plays a significant role in criminal investigations, providing the crucial link needed to make an arrest or secure a conviction. Trace evidence refers to small pieces of physical evidence, such as fibres, hair, glass fragments, and soil particles, that can be transferred between people, objects, and locations during a crime.

The forensic analysis of trace evidence plays a crucial role in determining the cause and origin of fires in arson investigations. By examining burn patterns, residue, accelerants, and other evidence collected from fire scenes, forensic scientists can reconstruct the events leading up to the fire and identify potential arsonists.

In a notable case in 2003, forensic analysis of debris collected from the scene of a deadly nightclub fire in Rhode Island revealed the presence of flammable materials and accelerants, indicating arson as the cause of the blaze. Subsequent investigations led to the arrest and conviction of the nightclub owners and others responsible for the fire, which claimed the lives of 100 people and injured more than 200 others. This case highlights the critical role of forensic analysis in holding individuals accountable for acts of arson and providing justice for the victims and their families.

Advancements in forensic technology make it easier for examiners to identify and examine trace evidence relating to a crime. During investigations, the use of alternate light sources to detect trace evidence is now commonplace, with advances in multispectral imaging and filters allowing examiners to detect evidence that would have otherwise been invisible to the naked eye. Enhancements in portable LASER technology led to the development of our Crime-lite LASER, further increasing the ability of examiners at the crime-scene to identify even the faintest traces of evidence.

Recovered items relating to an investigation can also be examined in a laboratory to identify trace evidence present. Devices such as our Crime-lite ML PRO and DISCOVER system are ideal for conducting multispectral bulk searches, ensuring that maximum trace evidence can be recovered efficiently.

Once trace evidence has been identified it can be analysed, with various methods being employed depending on the type of evidence in question. The foster+freeman ffTA is a powerful and flexible multi-functional system that provides the crime laboratory with a range of analytical facilities on a single microscope. The capabilities of the ffTA include glass refractive index measurement, multi-wavelength Raman Spectroscopy, light polarisation, fluorescence imaging and UV-Vis-IR micro spectroscopy. Learn more here.


Fingerprint Evidence

Although one of the oldest forensic identification techniques, the examination of fingerprints still plays a key role in upholding social justice in many cases, with developments in chemical treatment, hardware and software empowering examiners to recover, image, enhance and analyse fingerprints with ever increasing levels of success.

The crucial role of fingerprint evidence in solving cold cases is can be seen in the case of the “BTK Killer,” Dennis Rader, who terrorized Kansas for decades. Despite eluding capture for over 30 years, Rader’s downfall came in 2004 when forensic scientists linked his fingerprints to evidence found at one of the crime scenes. Rader’s fingerprints, combined with DNA evidence and behavioural analysis, provided the conclusive proof needed to secure his arrest and subsequent confession to ten murders. This case exemplifies how fingerprint analysis, when coupled with other forensic techniques, can be pivotal in closing longstanding criminal investigations and delivering closure to victims’ families.

During the 1990s the world of photography underwent a dramatic shift as digital cameras became commonly available to the general public, providing photographers with a quick and easy method of recording images that could be stored in a computerized file format or printed on demand.

However, while the digital camera became commercially ubiquitous, many forensic photographers remained unwilling to adopt the new technology fearing that digital images would not only be inferior in quality to film but that they would be highly susceptible to manipulation.

At the turn of the millennium attitudes towards digital photography changed as foster+freeman, in close collaboration with Wiltshire Constabulary, launched the DCS 121, a digital photography system offering tamperproof image validation software. As technology has progressed, so too has the DCS, with today’s DCS 5 representing a no-compromise imaging system for the illumination, visualisation, photography, and enhancement of almost any type of fingerprint on any surface or background, ensuring that maximum detail is revealed.

In order to be successfully imaged and analysed, many fingermarks require preliminary chemical treatment. Our industry-standard MVC Range of fuming cabinets are used globally to this end, with our unique RECOVER LFT featuring a cutting-edge chemical vapor fuming process to develop fingerprints on a range of difficult surfaces. RECOVER LFT is unique in its capability in developing fingermarks which have been exposed to extreme heat (discharged bullet casings, for example) and items that have been washed ‘clean’ in an attempt to prevent identification.


Questioned Documents

The forensic examination of identity documents, such as passports, visas, and driver’s licenses, plays a crucial role in detecting and prosecuting cases of fraud and upholding social justice. In instances where individuals have potentially falsified or altered identity documents to gain entry into a country or obtain benefits fraudulently, forensic document examiners are able to analyse the authenticity of the documents and identify discrepancies or irregularities.

A 6-month investigation by Nantes border police, equipped with foster+freeman VSC Document Examination Technology, has unveiled a vast network of false documents allowing foreign students to enter or stay in France.

Document fraud has been referred to as an ‘engine of organised crime’, and plays a major role the ability of criminal gangs to corrupt and undermine social justice internationally. You can learn more in our recent blog post: Document Fraud: An Engine of Organised Crime.

By exposing fraudulent identity documents, forensic analysis helps uphold immigration laws, protect national security, and maintain the integrity of identity verification processes. Our VSC Range of document examination workstations represent best-in-class performance, providing examiners with a complete solution to the examination of questioned documents.


Conclusion

These examples illustrate the multifaceted role of forensic science in upholding social justice, from rectifying wrongful convictions to ensuring the guilty are brought to justice. We can also see how forensic science is able to provide confidence in the impartiality of our legal justice systems, providing a robust barrier to the influences of corruption, bias, prejudice and discrimination.

Forensic science acts as a beacon of hope in the pursuit of social justice, offering clarity amidst complexity and providing accountability in the face of wrongdoing.

By exonerating the innocent, uncovering truth, holding the guilty accountable, addressing biases, and embracing technological advancements, forensic science reinforces the foundations of a fair and equitable society.

As we recognise the importance of social justice on 20th February, we can also be proud to celebrate the role crucial role forensic science plays in ensuring it is upheld. In the years ahead, we are committed to continuing to enhance the quality and integrity of forensic evidence through innovation, and advocate for its ethical and responsible use in the service of justice.


Key Products 
to uphold social justice

Crime-lite Range

Our versatile Crime-lite products, offering powerful and consistent multispectral illumination from portable and robust devices, are ideal for detecting a range of evidence both at the crime scene and in laboratory settings.

The Crime-lite AUTO combines this multispectral illumination with powerful imaging capabilities and built-in filters and pre-sets, allowing examiners to visualise and capture details otherwise hidden from the naked eye, with the agility of a standard digital SLR.

Crime-lite AUTO multispectral forensic light source, ideal for forensic multispectral imaging in art and cultural heritage applications
VSC 900 questioned document examination workstation, ideal for forensic multispectral imaging in art and cultural heritage applications

VSC Range

Our VSC range of questioned document workstations are found at border security points and forensic laboratories across the globe. VSC devices excel in the detailed examination of both complex travel and identity documents and forensic evidence

The first in a new generation of hybrid VSC document examination systems, the VSC 900 provides examiners with a comprehensive suite of traditional and advanced tools for the interrogation and verification of passports, ID cards, visas, residence permits, and other questioned documents.


Related Webinars

Where serious crime demands intensive crime scene investigation, the Crime-lite 82S range offers levels of illumination and ease of use that will almost certainly increase the quantity and value of evidence detected.

RELATED WEBINAR

Victim First Forensics: Sexual Abuse and Sexual Violence

For Sexual Abuse and Sexual Violence Awareness Week we are exploring the methods by which forensic practitioners are able to gather evidence of sexual abuse and violence. Watch Now

RELATED WEBINAR

Advances in Forensic Technology: Disaster Victim Identification

Disaster Victim Identification can appear a lengthy process for forensic experts. The identification of a victim during a mass disaster is rarely possible via visual recognition, and specific evidence types such as fingerprints, dental records and DNA samples are required for a conclusive identification. In this webinar, we use case studies to examine a range of different scenarios to see how advances in technology allow the identification of victims which were previously impossible. Watch Now

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VSC the premiere range of QDE workstations https://fosterfreeman.com/vsc-premiere-range-qde/ https://fosterfreeman.com/vsc-premiere-range-qde/#respond Fri, 09 Feb 2024 13:36:47 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/?p=19283 Today, the VSC has become the premier range for QDE workstations; it is the most innovative and precise tool to unravel mysteries hidden within documents, artefacts, and even passports. We delve into the rich history, technological intricacies, diverse applications, and profound impact of the VSC.

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foster+freeman BLOG

VSC: The premier range of QDE workstations

Today, the VSC has become the premier range for QDE workstations; it is the most innovative and precise tool to unravel mysteries hidden within documents, artefacts, and even passports. We delve into the rich history, technological intricacies, diverse applications, and profound impact of the VSC. From its pivotal role in forensic investigations, where it uncovers hidden details crucial for authenticity and fraud prevention, to its contributions in art conservation, where it unveils secrets hidden within historical artefacts, the VSC stands as a beacon of innovation, reliability, and precision in the realm of forensic technology. Join us as we journey through the evolution and significance of foster+freeman’s premier range of QDE workstations: the Video Spectral Comparator.


History

foster+freeman may be now known worldwide for its crime-lites or VSC instruments; however, back in 1978, Doug Foster and Bob Freeman came together for a research project where they developed foster+freeman’s first and most popular instrument. Such is the level of success achieved by the foster+freeman ESDA, the terms ESDA and ‘the ESDA process’ have become industry standard terminology for revealing indentations or impressions on paper.

The ESDA started as part of a research project to develop a non-chemical, non-destructive method of identifying fingerprints on fabric. While the project itself did not prove successful, the ESDA’s secondary use of detecting indented writing on paper proved to be of huge interest to document examiners worldwide.

With strong backing from the UK Home Office, Doug Foster and Bob Freeman formed a partnership and made the first run of ESDA devices from the garage at Doug’s home.

Following the success of the ESDA, foster+freeman set out building on their existing knowledge base of questioned document examination and looked at developing a workstation that would be far more advanced and complex. This workstation would enable examiners to perform infrared examinations of documents for the ‘rapid exposure of concealed information and assessment of authenticity’. This workstation would become the VSC-1 of the Video Spectral Comparator. Unlike any existing forensic instrument, the VSC used a highly sensitive camera to display variations in IR absorption and fluorescence on-screen, allowing examiners to make real-time adjustments to boost clarity and contrast. By 1990, the Video Spectral Comparator could be considered to be a global success, with over 400 VSC instruments having been sold in more than 45 countries.

The first models of the VSC had a limited spectral range, usually just UV and IR, with basic imaging capabilities. However, today’s versions of the VSC now include high-resolution 12MP cameras. Super-resolution imaging up to 127 MP and 15 modes of advanced UV-Vis-IR imaging. The first VSC to have its dedicated software package and be considered digital was introduced in 1985 with basic but for the time advanced questioned document capabilities. In comparison, today’s VSCs come with the latest and greatest in custom-built software packages. The VSC SUITE software maximises the effectiveness of document examinations by giving the user control of all VSC functions via a fluent, quick-access toolbar.

One of the main working mechanisms of the VSC is how a human eye perceives colour; when the eye sees a different colour, it perceives a different wavelength of light. It also uses the electromagnetic spectrum; the VSC does not just use the visible spectrum of light that a human eye can see. It employs the use of the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes UV and infrared light sources.

Foster + Freeman VSC 2 . 1990 forensic examination system for questioned documents.

How Does it work?

The VSC works on the principle of light and electromagnetic radiation. The principle states that, generally, when light hits a surface, multiple interactions between the light and the object result in different emitted wavelengths. The types of interactions are defined as the following.

Reflection: this is where the object reflects all or most of the light. Absorption: where the item absorbs all or most of the light. Reflection and absorption where a combination of both occur. Transmission, where light passes through an object, and finally, luminescence, light is absorbed and then re-emitted.

The VSC works on the perception of colours; we see different light wavelengths when we see a different colour. As some details we seek in questioned document examination are often hidden and non-visible, we have to access non-visible areas of the light spectrum. We achieve this with the VSC by using multi-spectral illumination; this is achieved with full LED illumination picked for wavelength accuracy.


When we expose a document to a wavelength of light, particularly the non-visible wavelengths ultraviolet (200nm-400nm) and infrared (700nm – 1000nm), any light that is reflected we would not be able to visualise without the use of special filters to isolate these wavelengths. These filters are such as Bandpass filters (400-700nm), long pass filters (>700nm), short pass filters (<400nm), polarizing filters, neutral density filters and IR/UV filters.

The VSC uses multiple illumination methods to find a document’s hidden details. Some features, like ridges or indentations, are not visible when lit from a spot or flood light, but we can visualize the indentation when using oblique lighting. The VSC uses spot, flood, oblique, and transmitted lighting to detect more evidence.

VSC80 IR imaging counterfeit

Applications

What are the use cases for the VSC?

The VSC is a highly versatile machine; it was first developed and made to advance the ESDA process. Originally it was just thought to be for the forensic level examination of documents; however, in the 40 years since the first VSC was made, the world of questioned documents has changed drastically, and so has the technology of the VSC. With thousands of machines used daily worldwide, the VSC is employed in several scenarios. With the modern VSC using the latest and greatest technology in terms of camera, light sources, software and imaging capabilities, it is no surprise that the VSC is used for a wide range of applications, not just questioned documents.

Forensic Examination of Documents

VSCs are now the most advanced QDE workstations worldwide; the VSC combines sophisticated digital imaging and multi-wavelength illumination technology with a clear and efficient software interface to provide a complete solution to examining all questioned documents.

The VSC can perform a multi-spectral illumination examination of a questioned document to reveal its hidden details and uncover the evidence. It can see through the layers of a document to reveal how it was tampered with. It can differentiate between original and copied signatures and writing.

The VSC is often used to examine documents for ink analysis; different inks fluoresce under varied light conditions based on their properties. Even inks from the same source have different properties; we can use the VSC workstations to analyse these inks and see when/if a document was tampered with.

The VSC includes a unique microspectrometer. Adding further functionality to VSC workstations, this compact fibre-coupled spectrometer, with a 3x zoom microscope, captures real-time absorption, reflectance, fluorescence and transmitted spectra to be displayed on-screen in a simple graphical format. An ideal technique for the discrimination of visually similar inks, including ballpoint and liquid ink pens, micro spectrometry has also been demonstrated to be effective in the study of the sequence of intersecting lines.

Card Grading

in recent years, online trading, valuation and authentication of collectable trading cards has been transformed from a niche pastime into a multi-million dollar industry. As the market for trading cards continues to grow, collectors are increasingly turning to third-party grading companies to verify the authenticity and condition of their cards.

As Collectible Card Game (CCG) and Trading Card Game (TCG) items have increased in value, so too requires these items to be accurately verified, authenticated and graded (for quality). In addition to rarity, factors including authenticity, quality, and condition can significantly affect a card’s valuation. Due to this, card grading companies are increasingly turning to forster+freeman VSC technology as they seek to identify a forensic-level solution to card grading.

​Card grading companies use VSC forensic technology to authenticate and grade high-value trading cards, employing various techniques to analyse the cards’ physical properties and characteristics.

Surface analysis under high magnification:

Using a VSC card graders are able to examine the surface of a card for evidence of alterations, alterations or irregularities. For example, they may look for signs of erasing, re-inking, or other modifications indicating forgery or tampering.

Multi-spectral UV-Vis-IR examination:

Full spectral imaging can reveal details on a card that may not be visible under normal lighting conditions. Card grading companies use UV light to detect hidden elements, such as watermarks or fibres, that can help confirm the card’s authenticity.

Spectrometry and Ink Analysis:

Using a high-level VSC8000/HS system, card grading companies can analyse the ink used on a card to estimate its age and determine its authenticity. Using micro-spectrometry, it is possible to analyse the chemical composition of the ink and compare it to known samples

Digital Imaging:

Card grading companies may use digital imaging techniques to capture high-resolution images of the card’s surface and features. These images can be used to compare the card to known authentic examples and identify any differences or irregularities. These images are often supplied to the card’s owner as part of the grading service.

​Immigration and border security

One of the use cases for the VSC that is exponentially growing in popularity is the use of immigration and border security. Passports have become a highly valuable commodity, serving as vital travel documents that allow individuals to cross international borders. To protect these documents, governments commission more advanced security features designed to prevent counterfeiting and forgery. The technology in these passports is so advanced that it caused a shift in VSC technology.

VSCs combine multispectral illumination and unrivalled image quality for the optical examination of travel documents. Document examiners can quickly and efficiently perform a surface-level multispectral examination of the document as a first line of defence.

Furthermore, VSCs can now examine the strongest defence line embedded in travel documents, such as ePassports. The VSC can take the data embedded in the chip of the ePassport, decode it and display it to the examiner. The VSC includes Assure ID; this powerful software tool allows the examiner to extract the biometric data on the chip to perform 50+ forensic documents-specific tests, each with a pass/fail authentication.

Another way in which the VSC900 can detect cases of identity fraud is through Facial Identification.​ ​

Using an external camera, the VSC900 can perform facial recognition examinations, comparing a live image against a printed photograph and an embedded eChip image.​

Unlike human examiners, the VSC900/Gemalto system can achieve a high level of accuracy  while also minimizing the risk of false positives or false negatives with a false acceptance rate (FAR) of less than 1 in 10,000


Conclusion

The journey of foster+freeman’s VSC (Video Spectral Comparator) from its inception in 1978 to its current status as the premier range of QDE (Questioned Document Examination) workstations is a testament to innovation, adaptability and the pursuit of excellence in forensic technology. What started as a response to the need for a non-chemical, non-destructive method of identifying fingerprints on fabric evolved into a global success story with the ESDA and, eventually, the groundbreaking VSC.

Over the years, the VSC has undergone significant advancements, transforming from its early models with limited spectral range to today’s state-of-the-art workstations equipped with high-resolution cameras, sophisticated imaging capabilities, and cutting-edge software packages like the VSC SUITE. Its ability to utilize multi-spectral illumination, including UV and infrared light, allows examiners to delve into non-visible areas of the light spectrum, enabling the detection of hidden details crucial in questioned document examination.

The applications of the VSC have expanded far beyond its initial forensic focus. The VSC has become an indispensable tool in various fields, showcasing its versatility and adaptability to meet the evolving demands of modern technology. From forensic examination of documents, where it can differentiate between original and copied signatures, to its pivotal role in immigration and border security, the VSC plays a vital role in ensuring document authenticity and preventing fraud.

The intersection of technology and art conservation is another remarkable chapter in the VSC’s story. Its contribution to digitizing historical artefacts, such as the Beowulf manuscript, demonstrates the impact of this technology in revealing hidden details and preserving cultural heritage.

As we look back at the 40-year journey of the VSC, we recognize not only its technological evolution but also its significant contributions to diverse fields. From crime investigation to art restoration, the VSC stands as a symbol of precision, reliability, and innovation in the world of forensic technology. foster+freeman’s commitment to pushing the boundaries of what is possible has truly made the VSC the premier choice for professionals worldwide seeking the highest standards in questioned document examination.


Learn More

VSC900 Document Examination System

VSC® 900

The complete solution for hybrid document interrogations

Introducing a new VSC workstation for the hybrid physical and digital inspection of travel and identity documents, designed to meet the complex demands of immigration/border security applications.


The first in a new generation of hybrid VSC document examination systems, the VSC 900 provides examiners with a comprehensive suite of traditional and advanced tools for the interrogation and verification of passports, ID cards, visas, residence permits, and other questioned documents.

View Product Page

VSC® 8000/HS

For the expert analysis of questioned documents

Our most advanced QDE workstation to date, the VSC 8000/HS combines sophisticated digital imaging and multi-wavelength illumination technology with a clear and efficient software interface, to provide a complete solution to the examination of all questioned documents.

Cutting-edge examination techniques including, multi-spectral imaging (from UV through the visible to IR); 3D topographical imaging; hyper-spectral imaging; and full-spectrum color analysis; may all be used to authenticate questioned documents, detect evidence of tampering, and to identify counterfeits and frauds.

View product page

VSC 8000HS Questioned Document Forensic Examining Tool.
Airport
Airport

RELATED WEBINAR

New Frontiers in Document Examination

In this webinar, we will explore the latest techniques and technology used by immigration staff and questioned document examiners to forensically analyze travel and identity documents.

Watch Now

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CBRNE Forensics: The Military and Defence Applications of Forensic Technology https://fosterfreeman.com/cbrne-forensics/ https://fosterfreeman.com/cbrne-forensics/#respond Wed, 31 Jan 2024 15:02:28 +0000 https://fosterfreeman.com/why-use-a-forensic-light-source-copy/ One area of forensics that is ever expanding and growing is that of chemical, biological, radioactive, nuclear, and explosive crime scene investigation – CBRNe CSI for short. This is a fascinating topic in the world of forensics that, unfortunately, keeps growing each year.

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foster+freeman BLOG

CBRNE Forensics

One area of forensics that is ever expanding and growing is that of chemical, biological, radioactive, nuclear, and explosive crime scene investigation – CBRNe CSI for short. This is a fascinating topic in the world of forensics that, unfortunately, keeps growing each year.

Processing crime scenes suspected to involve CBRN or other potentially hazardous materials requires using specialist equipment and techniques designed to visualise, capture, and recover forensic evidence under challenging conditions.

Much like forensic science and crime scene investigation, the world of CBRNe is complex and ever-evolving. Scientists, engineers, and policymakers work together to protect us from the threat of highly destructive and non-conventional weapons.

Searching for evidence

CSI Vs CBRN

Traditional CSI versus CBRN investigation

Much like forensic science and crime scene investigation, the world of CBRNe is complex and ever-evolving. Scientists, engineers, and policymakers work together to protect us from the threat of highly destructive and non-conventional weapons.

Typically, CBRNe examiners are highly trained professionals from police or military backgrounds who use specialised equipment and techniques to safely collect, analyse, and interpret evidence in extremely hazardous environments.

It is necessary to compare the difference between normal CSI and CBRNE CSI officers to identify the procedures and SOPs needed when dealing with hazardous materials. In a traditional CSI environment, the priority is to secure the scene and preserve any evidence within that scene; within the potential CBRN environment, the health and safety of the CSI must be considered along with this. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) guidelines state one of the main objectives of the protection of the crime scene and its evidence is to ensure appropriate anti-contamination measures in such a way as to protect the integrity of the identified evidence. Identifying, securing and recovering evidence from crime scenes represent a challenging part of the investigation. It requires intensive work by investigators and spending time performing the duties.

So, what are the differences between traditional CSI and CBRN CSI?

The added danger of a CBRN scene makes the crime scene investigation process very complicated and time-consuming compared to your standard CSI setting. One of the key differences is that CBRN scenes typically contain hazardous materials that can affect the health and safety of the investigators and may affect the evidence validity; these can be anything from chemicals, narcotics, explosives or radioactive substances. Don’t assume that because of its hazardous nature, CBRN scenes only occur in certain environments; they can be anywhere: inside a factory, in a forest, in a house or a car. Therefore, CBRN investigators must be versatile with the type of scene they respond to, just like your average crime scene.

Crime-lite PRO Range

Next Generation of forensic light sources

With the requirement to meet the highest possible standards in mind, foster+freeman set about designing the Crime-lite PRO range of forensic light sources.

Built on the existing Crime-lite 82S technology, the Crime-lite PRO provides examiners with what we’re confident is the absolute best-in-class handheld forensic light source currently available.

Available in a full selection of illumination wavelengths, with some subtle hardware improvements and equipped with a new range of PRO VISION examination accessories, Crime-lite PRO raises the bar for forensic light source examination at the crime scene.

Most traditional forensic examiners will use the standard Crime-lite PRO, which includes an internal cooling fan. However, in a CBRNe environment, the risk of dangerous chemicals being disturbed or becoming airborne may be considered unacceptable. We also manufacture a fanless option that uses passive cooling to maintain the optimum running temperature for these situations.

The light sources, or at least predecessors in the Crime-lite family, are used worldwide by forensic investigators to search for and detect evidence – their build quality is unquestionable, and their ability to detect evidence is unmatched.

Optical Detection of Fourth-Generation Agents

Research paper by CBRN Defence Center Korneuberg, Austria

In 2023, the CBRN defence centre published a paper in Korneuberg, Austria, exploring the Optical Detection of Fourth-Generation Agents (FGAs) Using Handheld Forensic Light Sources. They tested Crime-lite forensic light sources to detect fourth-generation neurotoxins and nerve agents, including the Novichok chemical that was used during the Skripal incident.

Based at the ABC Defence Training Centre in Korneuburg, Austria, a team of researchers led by chemical weapons expert Gerald Bauer used a selection of Crime-lite light sources to induce fluorescence in the Novichok family of substances.

“Based on handheld forensic light sources, surface contamination with FGAs could be visualized. Simple and fast on-scene management for suspected FGA incidents is enabled for the first time, and CBRN consequence management can be expedited. This procedure allows surfaces to be screened rapidly to visualize the contamination by an FGA. Instead of investigating the whole area, only particular parts of surfaces showing a light response need to be examined by CBRN identification and sampling processes. Forensic traces without detection response could be handled and exploited with reduced or even without CBRN safety precautions.”

Crime Scene Novichok—Optical Detection of
Fourth-Generation Agents (FGAs) Using Handheld Forensic
Light Sources

Experts in the field are excited by this breakthrough in detection primarily because until now, nerve agents and warfare agents from the Novichok group had been notoriously difficult to detect, proving to be virtually undetectable with gas detectors and requiring examiners to perform the time-consuming and costly exercise of swabbing samples to be sent for laboratory testing – which is fine for a few samples but impractical when searching a larger area.

The research, in combination with exposure at convergence training events, has opened the door for a whole new generation of forensic CBRNe technologies and exposed the need for cross-training between the two disciplines.

accellerants

Read the paper here.


Conclusion

In conclusion, chemical, Biological, Radioactive, Nuclear, and Explosive Crime Scene Investigation is a critical area of the broader field of forensic science. As our world grapples with the increasing threat of unconventional weapons and hazardous materials, the need for specialized CBRNe investigators has become paramount. The complexity of CBRN crime scenes demands a meticulous approach, differentiating it significantly from traditional Crime Scene Investigation (CSI).

The divergence between traditional CSI and CBRNe CSI is evident in the unique challenges posed by hazardous materials in CBRN scenes. From chemicals and narcotics to explosives and radioactive substances, the health and safety of investigators have become a primary concern. The meticulous identification, securing, and recovery of evidence in CBRN environments require specialised equipment and a comprehensive understanding of anti-contamination measures.

The breakthrough that crime-lites can effectively detect and identify nerve agents like Novichok presents a significant stride in CBRNe technology. The ability to visualize surface contamination rapidly, particularly with nerve agents like Novichok, revolutionizes on-scene management and accelerates CBRN consequence management. This breakthrough enhances detection capabilities and underscores the necessity for cross-training between traditional forensic disciplines and CBRNe experts.

In a world where incidents like the Skripal poisoning highlight the urgency of CBRNe expertise, the collaboration between scientists, engineers, and policymakers remains crucial. The dedication to refining techniques, advancing technology, and ensuring the safety of investigators reflects a shared commitment to safeguarding communities from the threats posed by highly destructive and non-conventional weapons.

As the field of CBRNe CSI continues to evolve, this specialized branch of forensic science protects against potential dangers and sets a precedent for interdisciplinary cooperation. In facing the ever-expanding challenges of CBRN crime, the collaboration between traditional CSI and CBRNe experts becomes indispensable for a safer and more secure future.


Learn More

Crime-lite® 82S PRO

Detect more evidence using Crime-lite 82S PRO light sources, a powerful upgrade to our best-in-class forensic search tools.

Used and trusted by law enforcement, military, and clinical forensic examiners worldwide, Crime-lite 82S light sources can be relied upon to provide the high-intensity narrow bandwidth illumination required to detect even the smallest traces of forensic evidence.

Now, the Crime-lite 82S PRO range builds upon that time-proven technology, providing CSIs and forensic examiners with the illumination they need to Detect More Evidence.

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Crime-lite® AUTO

A Compact and Portable Solution for Multispectral Examination

Forensic imaging technology meets powerful multi-spectral illumination in this complete solution to multispectral imaging. Features include:

  • Complete all-in-one search and imaging device
  • Full-spectrum UV/Vis/IR camera
  • 55x illumination wavebands
  • Automatic filter selection
  • Autofocus image/video capture
  • Simple touch panel interface
  • Intuitive software and companion app

View product page

Crime-lite AUTO forensic light source, ideal for forensic multispectral imaging in art and cultural heritage applications

RELATED WEBINAR

CBRNE x CSI

In this webinar we will explore forensic technology’s military and defence applications. We will look at how forensic technology can be used in the military. We will discuss the different applications of forensic technologies for defence purposes.

We will look at the theory behind why forensic technology is used in defence and demonstrate how our products can help in military and defence.

Watch Now

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